{"id":310,"date":"2023-06-26T11:38:06","date_gmt":"2023-06-26T09:38:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.domotic.phdata.fr\/domotic\/?p=310"},"modified":"2024-06-26T15:03:11","modified_gmt":"2024-06-26T13:03:11","slug":"module-gps-neo-6m","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.domotic.phdata.fr\/domotic\/module-gps-neo-6m\/","title":{"rendered":"Module GPS (NEO-6M)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Module GPS NEO-6M<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Pour un projet n\u00e9cessitant un suivi de position pr\u00e9cis, un microcontr\u00f4leur coupl\u00e9 au module GPS NEO-6M<\/strong> constitue une solution efficace.<\/p>

Le NEO-6M, r\u00e9put\u00e9 pour sa fiabilit\u00e9 et sa facilit\u00e9 d’int\u00e9gration, permet de recevoir des donn\u00e9es de localisation via des satellites GPS.<\/p>

Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des biblioth\u00e8ques d\u00e9di\u00e9es, telles que TinyGPS++<\/a> ou Adafruit GPS, la mise en \u0153uvre sur un microcontr\u00f4leur comme l’Arduino est simplifi\u00e9e. Ces biblioth\u00e8ques facilitent la lecture des coordonn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques, de l’altitude et de la vitesse en temps r\u00e9el.<\/p>

Par exemple, en utilisant l’Arduino avec la biblioth\u00e8que TinyGPS++, il suffit de quelques lignes de code pour initialiser le module GPS, lire les donn\u00e9es et les afficher sur un \u00e9cran LCD ou les transmettre via un module de communication sans fil.<\/p>

Ainsi, cette configuration est id\u00e9ale pour des applications vari\u00e9es comme le suivi d’objets, la navigation ou les syst\u00e8mes de g\u00e9ofencing.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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En r\u00e9sum\u00e9, le couplage d’un microcontr\u00f4leur avec le NEO-6M et une biblioth\u00e8que adapt\u00e9e permet de r\u00e9aliser des projets de g\u00e9olocalisation pr\u00e9cis et fiables avec une complexit\u00e9 minimale.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Le sch\u00e9mas du GPS (lien EasyEDA)<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Voici les points cl\u00e9s:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

  1. – Le module re\u00e7oit les signaux de plusieurs satellites GPS en orbite autour de la Terre.<\/li>
  2. – Il calcule la distance qui le s\u00e9pare de chacun de ces satellites en mesurant le temps que met le signal pour arriver jusqu’\u00e0 lui.Connaissant les positions orbitales pr\u00e9cises des satellites \u00e0 un instant donn\u00e9 (gr\u00e2ce aux donn\u00e9es embarqu\u00e9es), le module peut d\u00e9terminer sa position g\u00e9ographique sur Terre par trilat\u00e9ration, c’est-\u00e0-dire l’intersection des sph\u00e8res ayant pour rayons les distances calcul\u00e9es.<\/li>
  3. – Plus le nombre de satellites visibles est \u00e9lev\u00e9, plus le calcul de position est pr\u00e9cis.<\/li>
  4. – Le module d\u00e9livre alors ses coordonn\u00e9es de latitude, longitude et altitude, ainsi que d’autres donn\u00e9es comme la vitesse, le cap, la date\/heure, etc.<\/li>
  5. -Le module GPS NEO-6M est con\u00e7u pour g\u00e9rer les interf\u00e9rences potentielles des diff\u00e9rentes constellations de satellites de la mani\u00e8re suivante:<\/li>
  6. – Il utilise un r\u00e9cepteur GPS NEMA \u00e0 50 canaux[1], ce qui lui permet de recevoir et traiter simultan\u00e9ment les signaux de plusieurs satellites appartenant \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents syst\u00e8mes (GPS am\u00e9ricain, GLONASS russe, Galileo europ\u00e9en, etc.).<\/li>
  7. – Chaque satellite transmet sur une fr\u00e9quence porteuse unique avec un code de modulation sp\u00e9cifique (code PRN), ce qui minimise les interf\u00e9rences du signal entre les diff\u00e9rents satellites.<\/li>
  8. – Le module est \u00e9quip\u00e9 d’une antenne patch en c\u00e9ramique[1] qui capte les signaux satellites avec une bonne sensibilit\u00e9 et s\u00e9lectivit\u00e9 en fr\u00e9quence, r\u00e9duisant ainsi les interf\u00e9rences des autres sources.<\/li>
  9. – Les algorithmes de poursuite de signal et de calcul de position du r\u00e9cepteur GPS sont optimis\u00e9s pour distinguer et combiner de mani\u00e8re intelligente les mesures provenant de multiples constellations.<\/li>
  10. – La m\u00e9moire EEPROM embarqu\u00e9e permet de stocker les donn\u00e9es d’\u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e9rides pr\u00e9cises pour tous les satellites visibles, quelle que soit leur constellation d’appartenance.<\/li>
  11. Ainsi, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 son r\u00e9cepteur multi-canal, ses filtres fr\u00e9quentiels, ses algorithmes avanc\u00e9s et ses donn\u00e9es satellites \u00e0 jour, le NEO-6M parvient \u00e0 exploiter au mieux les signaux des diff\u00e9rentes constellations tout en minimisant leurs interf\u00e9rences mutuelles pour fournir un positionnement pr\u00e9cis.<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Antenne d\u00e9port\u00e9e<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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    Caract\u00e9ristiques techniques :<\/strong><\/span>
    GPS Antenne active de connecteurs SMA.
    Longueur :-3 m.
    Fr\u00e9quence moyenne\u202f:-1575,42\u00a0MHz \u00e0 3\u00a0MHz \/ 1575,42\u00a0MHz + 3\u00a0MHz.
    Gain LNA (sans c\u00e2ble)\u202f:-25\u00a0dB.
    Facteur de bruit\u202f: < 1,5\u00a0dB.
    V.S.W.R: <2,0.
    Courant continu :-10\u00a0mA max.
    Montage\u00a0:-Base magn\u00e9tique.
    Bo\u00eetier noir.
    Temp\u00e9rature de travail\u202f: -40\u00a0C ~ + 85\u00a0C.
    Humidit\u00e9 de l\u2019air.-Taux d\u2019humidit\u00e9 : de 95 ~ 100 % d’humidit\u00e9 relative.
    R\u00e9sistant aux intemp\u00e9ries.-100 % r\u00e9sistant aux intemp\u00e9ries.
    Tension :-3\u00a0~ 5\u00a0V.
    Contient\u00a0:
    GPS Antenne active SMA male connecto<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Fondamentalement, le module GPS NEO-6M fonctionne en d\u00e9terminant \u00e0 quelle distance il se trouve d\u2019un certain nombre de satellites. Il est pr\u00e9programm\u00e9s pour savoir o\u00f9 se trouvent les satellites GPS \u00e0 un moment donn\u00e9, puis calculer l\u2019emplacement sur Terre en utilisant le processus de trilat\u00e9ration bien connu. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-310","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","category-capteurs","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.domotic.phdata.fr\/domotic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.domotic.phdata.fr\/domotic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.domotic.phdata.fr\/domotic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.domotic.phdata.fr\/domotic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.domotic.phdata.fr\/domotic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=310"}],"version-history":[{"count":134,"href":"https:\/\/www.domotic.phdata.fr\/domotic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4623,"href":"https:\/\/www.domotic.phdata.fr\/domotic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310\/revisions\/4623"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.domotic.phdata.fr\/domotic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=310"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.domotic.phdata.fr\/domotic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=310"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.domotic.phdata.fr\/domotic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=310"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}